Porsche Boxster S, 2009

Porsche Boxster S, 2009

The Porsche Boxster is continuing to expand its lead as the trendsetter in the 2-seater open sports car segment. Already acknowledged as a lightweight athlete with lots of power on very little fuel, Porsche's mid-engined roadster now entering its second generation is be - coming an even greater performer on even less fuel than ever before.

The highlight of the new generation is the six-cylinder boxer engines developed as completely new power units from the ground up, displacing 2.9 liters in the Porsche Boxster and 3.4 liters in the Porsche Boxster S. Indeed, these engines belong to the same family as the particularly efficient power units introduced only recently in the 911 model series.

The new "basic" engine now develops maximum output of 255 bhp (188 kW) at 6,400 rpm, up 10 bhp over the previous model with 2.7 liters capacity. Featuring Direct Fuel Injection, the six-cylinder in the Porsche Boxster S churns out 15 bhp more than before, now offering 310 bhp (228 kW), again at 6,400 rpm.

The gives both roadsters a truly outstanding power-to-weight ratio, each horsepower in the Boxster now required to move only 5.2 kilos or 11.5 lb, while on the Porsche Boxster S the power-to-weight ratio is even better at 4.4 kg/bhp or 9.7 lb.

For the driver this means maximum performance on minimum fuel, particularly with the like - wise brand-new Porsche-Doppelkupplungsgetriebe or PDK for short. Featuring this unique double-clutch gearbox, the Porsche Boxster S accelerates to 100 km/h or 62 mph in 5.2 seconds, the "regular" Boxster with PDK completing the same exercise in just 5.8 seconds. At the same time these outstanding two-seaters are more fuel-efficient than ever before, consuming 8.9 liters in the Boxster (equal to 26.3 mpg US) and 9.2 liters (equal to 25.5 mpg US) in the S model, in each case according to the EU4 standard and with PDK transmission.

Self-confident looks
The new Boxsters are understandably very self-confident and even proud in their appearance, the extra-large air intakes characterizing the superior look of both models and accentuating their superior performance. On the Boxster two of the crossbars integrated in each side on the outer air intakes are finished in body color, on the Porsche Boxster S they come in black.

The LED positioning lights and foglamps now in horizontal arrangement come above the side air intakes. The direction indicators, in turn, are integrated in the new halogen headlights which, through their two-tube look, are reminiscent of the legendary Carrera GT.

As an option both Boxsters are available with new bi-xenon headlamps with a daytime light function, dynamic curve lights, a headlight washing system and automatic headlight range control. The separate LED daytime driving lights take the place of the foglamps whose func - tion is now performed by the bi-xenon headlamps optimized for perfect light spread and illu - mination to the side.

PDK: shifting gears more quickly, improving fuel economy by up to 16 per cent

Both Boxsters are now available for the first time with the Porsche-Doppelkupplungsgetriebe or double-clutch gearbox derived from motorsport and replacing the former Tiptronic S transmission. PDK comes with seven gears and is made up of two transmission units each connected to the drivetrain through their own clutch. One transmission unit comes with gears 1, 3, 5 and 7 as well as reverse gear, the other comes with gears 2, 4 and 6. Gears are shifted very fast, with supreme smoothness and without the slightest interruption of trac - tion, the clutch on one transmission unit opening up and the clutch on the other transmission closing at exactly the same time for an ongoing flow of power.

PDK improves not only motoring comfort, but also allows even better performance and greater fuel economy than on the manual gearbox models. As a result, the Porsche Boxster S, bene - fiting from the uninterrupted flow of power, accelerates to 100 km/h or 62 mph in 5.2 se - conds, the Boxster completing the same exercise in 5.8 seconds.

On the Porsche Boxster S fuel consumption is down by no less than 16 per cent to 9.2 liters/100 kilometers or 25.5 mpg US versus the former model with Tiptronic S, thanks to the optimum shift points and transmission ratios offered by PDK. The "basic" model equipped with PDK even remains below the nine-liter mark, fuel consumption of just 8.9 liters/100 kilometers (equal to 26.3 mpg US) representing a decrease in fuel consumption by 11 per cent versus the former model.

Equipped with PDK, the new models accelerate to 100 km/h or 62 mph 0.2 seconds faster than before thanks to the new Launch Control with electronic power management ensuring optimum acceleration from a standstill.

Launch Control is activated by the Sport Plus button which, in conjunction with PDK, comes both on the optional Sports Chrono Package and on the likewise optional Sports Chrono Package Plus. The latter is available exclusively in combination with Porsche's optional PCM Communication Management and offers both an additional performance indicator and an individual memory function.

The Sport Plus button also comes with a particularly sporting gearshift strategy for the PDK double-clutch gearbox ideally suited for the race track.

Yet a further feature on both equipment packages is the particularly sporting set-up of other vehicle systems available at the touch of a button - for example engine management, PSM Porsche Stability Management, and the optional PASM suspension.

The packages are clearly recognizable at first sight through the activation buttons in the center console and an analogue/digital stopwatch on the instrument panel masterminded through the lever on the steering column and enabling the driver, to mention just one example, to precisely record his lap times on the track.

Suspension even more dynamic and comfortable than before
The exceptional driving pleasure offered by both models in the Boxster range is also a result of the wide track and the newly set-up suspension improving the cars' driving dynamics to an even higher standard despite the enhancement of motoring comfort. One of the features contributing to the re-set suspension is the newly developed tyres offering a further improve - ment of performance together with greater driving comfort by reducing tire pressure on the rear wheels.

The Boxster now comes as standard on 17-inch wheels half an inch wider than before in order to take up the larger brake system of the Porsche Boxster S on the front axle. Tire dimensions remain unchanged at 205/55 ZR 17 up front and 235/50 ZR 17 on the rear wheels. The Porsche Boxster S, in turn, comes on 18-inch rims running on 235/40 ZR 18 tires at the front and 265/40 ZR 18 tires at the rear.

In conjunction with 18- and 19-inch wheels, the new models in the Boxster range are also available with a limited-slip differential on the rear axle. Locking action in this case is 22 per cent under power and 27 per cent in overrun. The result is a significant improvement of both traction and stability providing a substantially higher level of performance on winding routes, particularly on the race track.

Yet a further advantage is the more stable load change behavior. And at the same time the mechanical limited-slip differential, through its particular function, interacts perfectly with the electronic ABD Automatic Brake Differential for optimum traction control, the locking action delaying the tendency of one wheel to spin on a road surface slippery only on one side.

Porsche Active Suspension Management or PASM for short is available as an option on both models. At the touch of a button PASM changes damper forces and thus offers the ideal combination of both a sporting and comfortable as well as a sporting and dynamic suspen - sion, the latter proving its qualities particularly on the race track.

Superior brake system with optional ceramic brakes

Cross-drilled and inner-vented brake disks ensure excellent deceleration and stopping power on both models in the Boxster range. At the front brake energy is conveyed to the brake disks now measuring 318 mm or 12.51" in diameter and 28 mm or 1.10" across by fourpiston aluminum monobloc fixed calipers.

At the rear the Porsche Boxster comes with 20-millimeter (0.79"), the Porsche Boxster S with 24-millimeter (0.94") thick brake disks, in each case measuring 299 millimeters or 11.77" in diameter for optimum stopping power and again interacting with four-piston aluminum monobloc fixed calipers.

Porsche Ceramic Composite Brakes (PCCB) available as an option on the Porsche Boxster S open up a new dimension in brake technology and performance in the roadster segment. This very special package of ceramic disks measuring 350 millimeters or 13.78" in diameter on all four wheels as well as special brake pads features yellow-painted six-piston aluminum fixed calipers at the front and four-piston aluminum fixed calipers at the rear, offering truly supreme and, in particular, consistent stopping power and deceleration and therefore ensu - ring very short stopping distances even under extreme conditions.

Comprehensive restraint system with head airbags
Featuring head airbags in an open car, the Boxster sets the standard also in terms of passive safety. The airbags protect the cars' occupants in a side-on collision as an additional safety factor supplementing the side impact protection in the doors, by inflating out of the sills be - neath the side windows within fractions of a second.

Together with the two full-size frontal airbags operating in two stages as well as belt latch tensioners and belt force limiters, the Porsche roadster offers a very high standard of allround passive safety.

Sophisticated interior with new PCM
Both the Porsche Boxster and the Porsche Boxster S come as standard with Porsche's CDR-30 audio system featuring an easy-to-read five-inch monochromatic display. The CD player integrated in this system also plays music in the MP3 format.

Porsche's new PCM Communication Management now even more efficient, versatile and a lot easier to use is available as an option, serving as the central control unit for all audio, communication and navigation features in the car.

The highlight of PCM is the new control monitor with its highly advanced touchscreen. Measuring 6.5 inches, this screen is significantly larger than the 5.8-inch unit on the former model. At the same time the number of control keys has been halved to just 16, again in the interest of extra convenience.

In conjunction with the optionally available universal audio interface, PCM is now also able to control external audio sources such as an iPod or a USB stick.

Further options on the PCM unit are Porsche's new voice entry and the electronic logbook.

New feature is the Porsche Sound Package Plus complete with a radio, CD player and nine loudspeakers available as an option, just like the BOSE Surround Sound System with ten loudspeakers and a seven-channel digital amplifier naturally geared to the car as well as various telephone connection options.

In combination with seat heating, the new Boxsters come as an option with seat ventilation on both the standard seats and the comfort seats in full or partial leather. Particularly in the warm season, active seat ventilation ensures a pleasantly comfortable and dry climate on the seat surface ventilated at exactly the right points where the occupant is in close touch with the seat.

The driver and passenger are able to activate seat ventilation together with the seat heating, reliably removing moisture on the surface and ensuring a pleasant temperature at the same time.

Porsche 911 Carrera, 2009

Porsche 911 Carrera, 2009

The very first sports car to bear the Porsche name was introduced to the world in June, 1948. Therefore, as the proud, independent Swabian automaker celebrates sixty years of sports car excellence, it is only fitting that it has a new Porsche 911 Carrera - for many the quintessential Porsche-to help mark the milestone.

The Porsche 911 Carrera Coupe and its higher-performance variant, the 911 Carrera S Coupe, are the most sophisticated, potent and environmentally friendly Porsche 911 Carrera models that Porsche has ever offered.

Despite their abundance of 21st century technologies, the 2009 911 Carrera Coupe and Carrera S Coupe clearly trace their engineering and aesthetic roots to the seminal Porsche. That original car evolved over fifteen years from the highly coveted 356 to the first 911 when, at the 1963 Frankfurt Motor Show, the ground-breaking 1964 911 Coupe debuted. As a testament to the genius of its design, after more than forty years of development and six generations of engineering improvements, the 911 Carreras still showcase a horizontally opposed, rear-mounted six-cylinder engine carried in a distinctive and instantly recognizable body.
Less Fuel In, More Power Out
Though the 2009 Porsche 911 Carrera Coupe and 911 Carrera S Coupe are each propelled by Porsche's familiar horizontally opposed, six-cylinder "boxer" engine, and despite the fact that both engines carry the same displacement designation as their immediate predecessors, both are substantially different than in 2008 model year.

In Porsche Parlance, "S" Means More
The 2009 Porsche 911 Carrera S Coupe, like its predecessor model, is powered by a larger, more potent version of the Porsche horizontally opposed six-cylinder than its non-S sibling. As with the 3.6-liter version in the Porsche 911 Carrera, the 3.8-liter engine benefits from less weight, a two-piece crankcase, improved intake and exhaust, and direct fuel injection. The fruits of these refinements are 385 horsepower at 6500 rpm and 310 lb.-ft. of torque at 4400 rpm. This is an increase of 30 hp and 15 lb.-ft. of torque while achieving a power output of 101.3 hp per liter, without the need for any form of supercharging.

With a boost in potency, the Porsche 911 Carrera S Coupe with manual gearbox runs to 60 mph (96 km/h) in only 4.5 seconds, on its way to a track-proven top speed of 188 mph (302 kmph).

The PDK driving-shifting automatic transmission shaves two-tenths of a second off the acceleration times of Porsche's most skilled test drivers. The 0 to 60 mph (96 km/h) run takes only 4.3 seconds. Track-proven top speed for the Carrera S Coupe with PDK is 186 mph (300 kmph).

Despite its awesome performance the nearly 400-hp Carrera S Coupe carries no gasguzzler stigma. And the added power and torque do nothing to diminish the engine's clean exhaust. Like the Carrera Coupe, the Porsche 911 Carrera S Coupe is certified as LEV-II.
It Starts With a Straight Shot
Both the 3.6-liter and 3.8-liter horizontally opposed, six-cylinder engines in the Porsche 911 Carrera Coupe and 911 Carrera S Coupe are substantially revamped from the similarly designated engines in last year's model range.

The engines still consist of a light alloy crankcase and cylinder heads, and have four valves per cylinder actuated by dual overhead camshafts. Now, for the first time in a Porsche sports car, the engines boast a direct fuel injection system (DFI), which works in concert with Porsche's VarioCam Plus valve lift and timing control.

By injecting fuel directly into the combustion chamber rather than in the intake port, DFI delivers myriad benefits. Since the fuel charge arrives closer to combustion than with port injection, throttle response is instantaneous, and the Porsche 911 Carrera driver feels a razor-like reaction to even the slightest movements of his right foot, whether accelerating or lifting from the throttle.

To take fullest advantage of the DFI's attributes, Porsche's engineers designed the combustion chamber and piston crown to maximize efficiency. Those refinements allowed the engineers to design both the 3.6-liter and 3.8-liter engines with a compression ratio of 12.5:1. This is up from 11.3:1 on the previous 3.6-liter and 11.8:1 of the former 3.8-liter. To ensure maximum efficiency and durability, the DFI injectors have been designed and manufactured to deal with working pressures of up to 1740 psi (120 bar) in the combustion chamber.

The fuel injector nozzle is between the two intake valves, spraying fuel directly into the incoming fresh air charge from both valves. This is clearly far more efficient than port injection which naturally leaves some unburned gasoline on the intake walls and valves. The incoming fuel charge further aids the combustion process by cooling the incoming air as it vaporizes, allowing more air to be drawn into the engine for a denser charge and permitting the higher compression ratios. Finally, the fuel and air are mixed more evenly and thoroughly when the fuel is injected directly into the air inside the combustion chamber.

DFI also reduces emissions since the engineers were able to reshape the piston crown to completely direct the fuel charge at the spark plug for thorough combustion. During start-up, the engine benefits from high-pressure stratification of the injected fuel. Then to quickly light off the catalysts, the DFI heats the exhaust rapidly through multiple injection. To increase the temperature of the exhaust gas to an even higher level, ignition timing is very late, further minimizing start-up emissions.

The system also employs multiple fuel injection during periods of combined high loads and engine speeds up to about 3500 rpm-as when the driver floors the throttle at slower speeds. During the multiple injection phases, the injectors split the fuel charge into several successive bursts during the piston's intake stroke. Otherwise, the fuel is injected in one phase during each intake stroke.

As with their predecessors, the new 3.6-liter and 3.8-liter engines are equipped with Porsche's VarioCam Plus intake valve timing and lift system. Porsche's engineers have refined the elements and operation of the VarioCam Plus to optimize the benefits of the DFI. The engineers re-aligned the profiles of both the intake and the exhaust camshafts. The diameter of the intake tappets has been reduced from 33 to 29.5 mm (1.30 - 1.15 in.) and the exhaust valve tappets are down from 33 to 24.2 mm (1.30 - 0.94 in.). This reduction in mass allowed the engineers to safely raise the engines' redlines, from the previous 7300 rpm to 7500 rpm.
Two, Two Camshafts in One
As with all Porsche engines, VarioCam Plus in the Porsche 911 Carrera and Carrera S Coupes adjusts intake valve lift and timing based on engine speed and load, and is under the umbrella of the engine's main electronic controller. Though the VarioCam Plus operates far too quickly for the driver to be aware of it, the results are obvious. The effect is that of an engine with two different intake camshaft profiles, one set up for smooth and efficient around-town driving, the other a high-performance camshaft designed for high-speed. Each of these two designs usually precludes the other and most cars have a compromise of the two. Porsche's VarioCam Plus removes the compromise and the driver benefits from the best of both driving worlds.

Valve timing is controlled via a vane cell adjuster which continuously varies the two intake camshafts positions relative to crankshaft. Valve lift is varied by a system utilizing two cup tappets, one resting in the other. These tappets are actuated by separate cam lobes of differing size. The engine control module directs oil pressure to the appropriate tappet based on engine speed and load parameters. When nonpressurized, the tappet moves under the camshaft lobe, but exerts no pressure on the valve, in effect free wheeling.

Different Size That's the Same

Finally, the various internal refinements to both the 3.6-liter and 3.8-liter engines result in slight changes to their displacements.

The 3.6-liter engine in the 2009 Carrera Coupe now has a 3.21 inch (81.5 mm) stroke, up by 1.3 mm over last year. Bore has been increased by 1.04 mm, and is now 3.82 inches (97 mm). The Porsche 911 Carrera S Coupe's 3.8-liter engine has a 3.05 inch (77.5 mm) stroke, down from the predecessor's 3.226 inches (82.8 mm). Bore has been increased by 3 mm to 4.02 inches (102 mm).

The results of these changes are that the 3.6-liter has an actual displacement of 3614 cc, or 18 cc more than before. The 3.8-liter actually sheds 24 cc and is now exactly 3800 cc.

Getting the Power Out
As before, both the Porsche 911 Carrera Coupe and Carrera S Coupe come equipped with a six-speed manual gearbox as standard. Commensurate with the increase in power over last year's models, the transmissions in both cars have been strengthened and refined.

Steel rather than brass synchronizing rings as well as thick shafts and wide gears provide strength, yet the transmission's weight is kept down by using extra-thin aluminum in the oil chamber walls. The transmission's internal architecture minimizes splash effect and flow losses, increasing the efficiency.

The gearbox uses wear-resistant carbon-coated synchromesh rings on first, second and third gears. In addition, first and second boast triple synchronizers. Third gear has double synchronizer rings and fourth through sixth gears uses a single ring. Taking advantage of the engines' increased output, the engineers altered Third gear, making it about 3 percent taller than before. This change improves around town fuel economy with no impact on performance or derivability.

These internal details mean the driver can shift more quickly and smoothly, since less force is needed and the linkage has shorter travel during gear changes.

In addition, the wear-compensating clutch which was formerly only found on the Carrera S, is now standard on the 3.6-liter model. As the friction face of the clutch wears, an adjustment ring in the pressure plate automatically compensates for the wear.

All 2009 911 Carrera models, regardless of transmission, also boast Start-Off Assistant as standard. This feature allows the driver to get moving again smoothly without rolling on a hill when starting from a stop. When the driver stops on an incline and leaves the transmission in gear, the Start-Off Assistant maintains brake pressure for about two seconds after the driver lifts his foot from the brake pedal. Then the system incrementally reduces brake pressure. As soon as the driver accelerates, brake pressure is fully released.

Multiple Clutches and Seven Speeds
For 2009, both the Porsche 911 Carrera and Carrera S Coupes can be equipped with the innovative and blazingly fast Porsche PDK transmission. The seven-speed, driver-shiftable automatic replaces the five-speed Tiptronic S as the optionally available transmission.

Though it was developed in the 1980s for the all-conquering Porsche 962 Group C racecar, thanks to recent advances in electronic control technology, this is the first time that the PDK is available in a street-faring sports car.

The new PDK (which comes from the German Porsche-Doppelkupplungsgetriebe or Porsche double-clutch transmission), like the Tiptronic S, allows the driver to shift up and down using either steering-wheel mounted paddles or the console-mounted lever. Or, if he'd rather, the driver can simply leave the PDK in automatic mode and allow it to operate totally on its own.
Stopping What Goes Fast
Inherent in the Porsche philosophy is that every Porsche must have braking power at least commensurate with its acceleration and top speed capabilities. Therefore, all are equipped with cross-drilled, internally vented four-wheel disc antilock brakes. And as the Porsche 911 Carrera and Carrera S Coupes have more power and speed than their immediate predecessors, they have more braking ability as well.

Keeping Up the Pressure
To ensure optimum safety, fuel economy and performance, Porsche engineers provide Carrera Coupe and Carrera S Coupe drivers with a safeguard against driving on a damaged or an underinflated tire. Both cars come with Porsche's Tire Pressure Control system (TPC). This system uses sensors at each wheel to constantly monitor inflation pressures. The system offers the driver two levels of warning, should it detect a problem.

If any tire shows a pressure drop of more than 2.9 psi but less than 5.8 psi from specifications, a text message in white lettering shows in the tachometer. This warning appears for 10 seconds each time the car is started. If pressure drops more than 5.8 psi, or if inflation pressure drops at a rate of 2.9 psi or more per minute, the warning becomes more urgent and is displayed in red text. This warning appears as soon as the respective values are exceeded, whether the vehicle is stationary or moving.

Sporty Handling = Accident Avoidance
Knowing full well that all vehicles are safest by avoiding an accident in the first place, Porsche's engineers understand that their cars' awesome dynamic abilities are as much of a safety feature as a performance attribute.

To ensure both dynamic safety and an exhilarating driving experience, Porsche's engineers have continued to refine and enhance their cars' suspensions. Building upon a wide stance, both the Porsche 911 Carrera and Carrera S Coupes sit on a large, secure footprint. Both cars have a 58.6 inch (1486 mm) front track. In back, the Carrera has a 60.4 inch (1534 mm) track. With its larger wheels and tires, the Carrera S has a rear track of 59.7 inches (1516 mm). Porsche's engineers then specified a lightweight and technologically advanced suspension system and a low center of gravity for optimum agility and driver confidence assuring stability.
Better Living through PASM
As noted, the Carrera S Coupe comes standard with the most recent version of Porsche Active Suspension Management (PASM). This system is optional on the Carrera Coupe. For the 2009 911 Carrera models, PASM suspension has refined springs and antiroll bars for even greater comfort. Porsche's engineers were able to accomplish this by fine-tuning the PASM control function, delivering a smoother ride on bad roads in both the Normal and Sport modes with no degradation in handling.

This electronically controlled suspension allows the driver to select either a Normal or Sport setting, depending on the driving situation and conditions. Besides allowing the choice of choice setups, PASM also lowers the car's ride height by about 0.4 inch (10 mm).

Variable-Ratio Steering
The Porsche 911 Carrera and Carrera S Coupes come with standard variable-ratio rack-andpinion steering. This both increases agility and stability at higher speed maneuvers and reduces steering effort at slow speeds.

When the steering wheel is turned within 30 degrees of center, the ratio is to provide a smooth and calm driving experience, even on rough surfaces. However, when the steering wheel angle exceeds 30 degrees, the ratio become more direct, reducing lock-to-lock from 2.98 to 2.62 turns. This gives the driver better control both on winding roads and in slow-speed parking maneuvers.

In addition to the variable ratio technology, the Porsche 911 Carrera Coupes have steering columns that tilt and telescope. The wheel can be adjusted by 1.57 inches (40 mm) in height and reach.

Classic Profile
The cars' profiles are highlighted by the new larger outside mirrors and by the newly designed wheels. The Porsche 911 Carrera's 18 inch alloy wheels have by five double spokes which are arranged so the each pair of spokes opens outward at the rim. The Carrera S has larger, 19 inch wheels which have five pairs of parallel spokes.

The Sound of Music
The Porsche 911 Carrera Coupes' standard audio system features AM/FM radio as well as the ability to play CDs, audio and video DVDs. The standard-equipment BOSE Surround Sound System features 5.1 Discreet Surround Format, and works with a gamut of audio formats: MP3, AAC, WMA, Dolby Digital, MLP, and DTS.

The PCM has an integral six-CD/DVD changer standard which supports the same formats as the single CD/DVD player. Plus, a new, optional universal audio interface connects the PCM to an external audio source such as an iPod or a USB stick. An optional TV tuner can receive uncoded television signals. While driving, only the TV audio plays; when parked the picture is shown on the PCM monitor.

Breath of Fresh Air
Automatic climate controls with air and pollen filtration are standard equipment. The controls for the heat, air conditioning and ventilation (HVAC) systems are integrated into the center console. Airflow through the HVAC system is optimized by large ducts and side vents.

Ample Storage Space
The cabins in the Porsche 911 Carrera Coupe and Carrera S Coupe offer the convenience of several storage locations. The cars' interiors have a load volume of 7.24 cu.-ft. (205 liters).

A large locking glove box provides nearly 400 cubic inches (6.5 liters) of room and has an integrated CD storage rack and a penholder. The center console includes more than 90 cubic inches (1.5 liters) of storage capacity. This compartment automatically locks with the Coupes' central locking system.

Cupholders are located just above the glove box and are hidden behind a folding cover. When released, the left cupholder emerges in front of the central air nozzle in the instrument panel while the right cupholder rests in front of the front passenger nozzle.
Critical Data
The five dials that comprise the instrument panel are positioned to provide outstanding readability. The faces of the dials are black in the 911 Carrera Coupe and have an aluminum-look finish in the Porsche 911 Carrera S Coupe.
Given the sporting soul of the Porsche 911 Carrera and Carrera S Coupes, the tachometer dominates the instrument cluster. The rev counter is the largest gauge and it is mounted in the center of the display. A digital speedometer within the tachometer's face beneath the rev counter allows the driver to check both vehicle and engine speed in a single glance.

The separate analog speedometer includes overall and trip odometers and is located just to the left of the tachometer. The gauge to the right of the tach includes coolant temperature and fuel indicators, as well as the clock. The oil temperature gauge is at the far left of the cluster with the oil pressure gauge at the far right.

Safe by Design
Thanks to the high- and ultra-high-strength steel as well as the sophisticated spotwelding and bonding techniques used during their manufacture, the Porsche 911 Carrera Coupe bodies are extremely torsionally rigid and flex resistant while still being lightweight.

Particular attention was paid in designing and engineering the junction of the A-pillars and the roof frame, as well as the safety structure involved in head-on and offset collisions, including the transition between the door and B-pillars. Forces in a collision can be transferred through the door, around the passenger compartment to the rear of the car.

A bulkhead crossbar at the front of the car is made from high-strength boron steel and special assembly processes were developed to minimize intrusion or into the foot well in an offset collision.
Six Airbags with POSIP
Occupants in the Porsche 911 Carrera and 911 Carrera S Coupes are protected, in the event of a collision by six airbags. There are two front-impact airbags; two front seatmounted, thorax protecting, side-impact airbags; and the two curtain-style, doormounted, side-impact airbags that are part of the Porsche Side Impact Protection (POSIP) system.

The frontal airbags are full-size, two-stage front units featuring an organic-based propellant. This propellant reduces the stored airbags' size and weight, and aids in their recyclability.

The front passenger seat features sensors that accommodate child safety seats. Should the sensors detect a child sitting in that seat, the airbag is defeated.

The POSIP boasts head airbags that deploy upward from their housings in the door windowsills. These airbags provide a flat cushion that inflates to nearly 500 cu.-in. (8 liters) and are designed to help protect the heads of the driver and front-seat passenger from broken glass and objects that might enter through the window, in the event of an accident.

Sport Chrono Package Plus
Both the Porsche 911 Carrera and Carrera S Coupes are available with the optional Sport Chrono Package Plus feature. Sport Chrono Package can be specified with either the manual gearbox or PDK transmission.
This enhancement package brings specific control maps to the engine management system and Porsche Stability Management (PSM), as well as to Porsche Active Suspension Management (PASM) and PDK on vehicles so equipped.

The revised engine control maps strongly favor performance over comfort and provide even quicker engine response, not only on deployment but also on release of the throttle. This helps the PDK shift even more aggressively.

Stability thresholds allow more lateral slip before the ABS and PSM intervene. On those cars with PASM, that system switches to its firmer setting to provide more agility in cornering. However, in some instances, such as on wet pavement, a softer suspension setting can be advantageous so the driver using Sport Chrono can press the PASM button to return to the normal damper settings.

The Sport Chrono package also includes a digital/analog stopwatch and lap-counting function.

Porsche Cayman, 2009

Porsche Cayman, 2009

3 years after their debut, the Porsche Cayman and Cayman S are entering their second generation. Now the discreetly refined, even more sporting exterior houses a unique combination of new technologies with two brand-new power units: The Porsche Cayman now comes with a 2.9-litre flat-six developing maximum output of 265 bhp or 195 kW. In conjunction with the optional Porsche-Doppelkupplungsgetriebe (PDK), fuel consumption is reduced to a truly astounding 8.9 litres/100 kilometres, equal to 31.7 mpg imp - despite an even higher standard of per - formance on the road: Equipped with the optional PDK double-clutch gearbox, the Porsche Cayman accelerates to 100 km/h in 5.7 seconds, completing the same exercise with the six-speed manual gearbox now featured as standard in 5.8 seconds, Top speed, in turn, is 265 km/h or 164 mph and, respectively, 263 km/h or 163 mph with PDK transmission.

The Porsche Cayman S likewise boasts a brand-new six-cylinder boxer engine, in this case displacing 3.4 litres and again setting a new benchmark in terms of both fuel economy and performance thanks to direct fuel injection: Maximum output of 320 bhp or 235 kW ensures average fuel consumption with PDK of just 9.2 litres (equal to mpg 30.7 imp) and impressive acceleration to 100 km/h in 5.1 seconds. And with the six-speed manual gearbox coming as standard, acceleration to 100 km/h is in 5.2 seconds and top speed is 277 km/h or 172 mph.

New power units with superior efficiency
The two brand-new six-cylinder boxers now making their world debut in the Porsche Cayman and Cayman S are based on the new generation of Porsche engines only recently introduced in the 911 model series. On both engines less weight, less inner friction and lower moving masses add up to provide more power on less fuel. One step serving to boost efficiency, for example, is the optimisation of the engine's oil system through the oil pump operating exactly according to current demand.

For the first time in this model series and, therefore, in the mid-engine segment as such, the 3.4-litre power unit featured in the new Porsche Cayman S comes with Direct Fuel Injection or DFI for short. With its homogeneous fuel/air mixture formation, DFI not only enhances engine efficiency by reducing fuel consumption, but also gives the power unit of the Porsche Cayman S an even more dynamic and sporting character the driver will feel immediately: With fuel being injected fractions of a second prior to the combustion process as such, the engine follows even the slightest movement of the gas pedal even more spontaneously and with extra power.

Porsche-Doppelkupplungsgetriebe for even greater efficiency and dynamic performance

Together with the new power units, Porsche's engineers have also developed a brand-new double-clutch gearbox for these outstanding mid-engined sports cars coming as an option instead of the former Tiptronic S.

The interaction of the new engines with this new gearbox is quite revolutionary, both sports cars offering new records in acceleration together with even greater fuel economy. The Porsche Cayman and Cayman S equipped with PDK accelerate to 100 km/h 0.1 seconds faster than even a highly skilled driver shifting gears manually on the six-speed manual gearbox.

The progress ensured in this way is even more impressive when it comes to fuel economy now improved by up to 16 per cent: The new Porsche Cayman with PDK consumes just 8.9 litres on 100 kilometres, equal to 31.7 mpg imp under the EU4 standard. This equals an improve - ment by 1.2 litres or, respectively, 11 per cent compared with the former model featuring Tiptronic S transmission. The Porsche Cayman S equipped with PDK, in turn, consumes just 9.2 litres on 100 kilometres (equal to 30.7 mpg imp) - 16 per cent less than with Tiptronic S in the past. In standard trim with its manual gearbox the Porsche Cayman S likewise makes do with a very economical 9.6 litres, equal to 29.4 mpg imp.

Offering no less than seven gears, the new Porsche-Doppelkupplungsgetriebe (PDK) repla - ces the former Tiptronic S transmission. PDK is made up of two transmission units each connected via a separate clutch with the drivetrain. One transmission unit comes with gears 1, 3, 5 and 7 as well as the reverse gear, the other operates gears 2, 4 and 6.

PDK ensures a very fast and absolutely smooth gearshift without the slightest interruption of traction and pulling force, the clutch on one transmission unit being opened while the clutch on the other unit is closed simultaneously. In position D on the gear selector lever all this is done fully automatically, while the driver is still able to shift gears manually by means of the paddles on the steering wheel or the gear selector lever. In either case, however, the clutch engages and disengages without requiring any action on the part of the driver.

Dynamically refined, sporting look
The new Porsche Cayman models stand out at very first sight through their modified front and rear end as well as new headlights and rear lights featuring progressive lights technology and stri - king design for that dynamic look so typical of Porsche. The direction indicators are integra - ted in the new halogen main headlights reminiscent in their two-tube look of the Carrera GT.

Housed next to the round fog lamps featured as standard, the new LED positioning lights come in light rod technology.

New bi-xenon headlights with dynamic curve lights and separate LED daytime driving lights are available as an option. In this case the white light diodes are arranged in a striking cross design giving Porsche's mid-engined sports coupé a truly unique and unmistakable light profile.

The daytime driving lights take the place at the front of the car of the fog lamps, which in turn are replaced without any disadvantages in terms of broad light coverage and illumination at the side by the optimised bi-xenon headlights.

The rear end of the Porsche Cayman sports coupé brand-new in design accommodates the newly designed rear lights where all red light sources are in LED technology. Tapering out at a sharp angle to the outside, the newly designed rear lights are integrated elegantly into the rear end of the car.

Sports Chrono Package as an option, Start-Off Assistant featured as standard
Both the Porsche Cayman and the Cayman S are available as an option with Porsche's Sports Chrono Package further enhanced in conjunction with PCM Porsche Communication Management to provide the Sports Chrono Package Plus. And if the Porsche Cayman or Cayman S are equipped with PDK, the Sports Chrono Package Plus also offers the new Launch Control function as well as a special gearshift strategy for an extremely sporting style of motoring, both selected via the Sports Plus button. Launch Control is an assistance program for optimum accelera - tion from a standstill, enabling the Porsche Cayman and Cayman S equipped with PDK to accelerate from 0 - 100 km/h another 0.2 seconds faster than otherwise, the Porsche Cayman S thus requiring only 4.9 seconds for this standard sprint.

The new sports coupés come as standard with a Start-Off Assistant featured on both gear - box versions. This new feature gives the driver an even easier job under everyday driving con - ditions and prevents the car from rolling forwards or backwards when setting off on a gra - dient by automatically holding the brakes in position and then letting go in a controlled pro - cess after the driver has released the brake pedal. This enables the driver to set off smoothly and comfortably on a gradient without having to use the handbrake.

Chassis and suspension: very sporting and highly comfortable all in one
While the chassis and suspension of the Porsche Cayman remains the same in its basic concept, it has been adjusted in its set-up to the extra power of the engine and offers a significantly higher standard of all-round comfort despite the even greater dynamic performance of the car.

As an option both the Porsche Cayman and Cayman S may be fitted with PASM Porsche Active Suspension Management, an electronically controlled damper system. The big advantage of PASM is that it combines two suspensions in one: a sporting and comfortable suspension for everyday use and a particularly dynamic and sporting set-up for fast driving, for example on the track.

Compared with the standard suspension, PASM lowers the entire body of the car by ten milli - metres or 0.39". At the same time new PASM technology offers an even higher standard of suspension management, with even greater driving comfort combined with truly outstanding driving dynamics.

The Porsche Cayman comes as standard on 17-inch wheels, the rims are new in design and, measuring 7J x 17 at the front and 8.5J x 17 at the rear, are half an inch wider than on the former model. The tyre dimensions remains unchanged, at 205/55 ZR 17 up front and 235/50 ZR 17 on the rear axle.

The Porsche Cayman S comes as standard on 18-inch wheels in new design but with the same dimensions as before: 8J x 18 at the front on 235/40 ZR 18 tyres and 9J x18 at the rear on tyres measuring 265/40 ZR 18.

The newly developed tyres are a particlarly highlight. Made of PAH- (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) free rubber compounds containing less harmful substances and not required by law until 2010, the new tyres allow a further reduction of tyre pressure on the rear axle to improve motoring comfort and at the same time decreasing the car's roll resistance.

Interior: thoroughbred sports car ambience all the way
Sophisticated materials, a very pleasant ambience and an equally pleasant surface touch confirm the premium position of Porsche's sporting two-seater within the interior. The centre console now comes in elegant black and the standard finish is enhanced by the new CDR-30 CD radio with its easy-to-read five-inch screen and MP3-compatible CD player all featured as standard.

A Bluetooth mobile phone preparation kit comes as an option, with the radio providing hands-free operation as required by law. Further features also available are connections for an iPod and an MP3 player. And last but not least, the optional six-CD changer is now inte grated in the CDR-30 radio, taking the place of the CD changer formerly housed in the luggage compartment.

Features tailored to the driver: new PCM, ventilated seats
Available as an option, PCM Porsche Communication Management serving as the central control unit for all audio, communication and navigation functions now offers an even higher standard of performance and is more versatile and a lot easier to use.
The main feature of PCM is the touch-sensitive monitor increased in size from 5.8 to 6.5 inches. Compared with the former model, this reduces the number of keys to a total of just 16 in the interest of smooth and easy control.

Porsche Cayenne Turbo S, 2009

Porsche Cayenne Turbo S, 2009

The Porsche Cayenne Turbo S is the most powerful Cayenne ever built. Sharing the same essential 4.8-liter V8 engine as the Cayenne S, GTS and Turbo, the Turbo S boasts 550 horsepower and 553 lb.-ft. of torque. That's a ten percent increase in power and a seven percent boost in torque over the Cayenne Turbo. The Porsche Cayenne Turbo S accelerates from zero to 60 mph (96 km/h) in 4.7 seconds on its way to a track-proven top speed of 174 mph (280 km/h). Like the Cayenne S and Cayenne Turbo, the Turbo S comes standard with a six-speed Tiptronic S driver-shiftable automatic transmission.

Given Porsche's sensitivity to environmental concerns, despite the astounding performance capabilities of the Porsche Cayenne Turbo S, the new model carries no fuel economy penalty over the Cayenne Turbo. Both the 2009 Porsche Cayenne Turbo and Porsche Cayenne Turbo S are rated by the EPA to deliver 12 mpg in the city and 19 mpg on the highway. And both are certified as Low- Emissions Vehicles, Tier II (LEV-II).

Instantly recognizable as a Cayenne, and clearly identifiable as a unique model, the Turbo S rides on standard 21 inch alloy wheels carrying humongous 295/35 wide-aspect tires. Other unique visual clues to the flagship's identity are the body-color wheel arch extensions and matte-finish air intake grilles. When seen from the rear, the Porsche Cayenne Turbo S is instantly recognizable by its dual-twin tailpipes made of precision cast aluminum, inspired by those on the Porsche Carrera GT. Finally, for those who want, the Porsche Cayenne Turbo S is offered in a unique exterior color: Lava Grey Metallic.

The passenger cabin of the Porsche Cayenne Turbo S boasts a unique look thanks to its standard two-color leather upholstery. Buyers have a choice of either Black/Havanna or Black/Steel Grey seating surfaces, as well as solid Black or Sand Beige. In addition, the dashboard and upper door panels have coordinating seams finished in the lighter upholstery color. The interior of the Turbo S is also distinct with its standard two-tone, padded leather steering wheel and carbon fiber door and dash trim. As with the Cayenne GTS, the Porsche Cayenne Turbo S boasts bolstered front and rear sport seats. The front seats have an extended memory feature and the three-person rear seat features contours for the outer positions.

Besides its more potent turbocharged engine, the Porsche Cayenne Turbo S differs mechanically from the Turbo by coming with Porsche Dynamic Chassis Control (PDCC) as standard equipment. PDCC features active control of body lean in curves for improved response, agility and increased passenger comfort.

Porsche 911 Carrera 4, 2009

Porsche 911 Carrera 4, 2009

The all-wheel-drive, brawny Porsche 911 Carrera 4 Coupe and its higher-performance variant, Carrera 4S Coupe offer the skilled enthusiast driver exhilarating dimensions of dynamic driving enjoyment, even in inclement weather.

Both the Porsche 911 Carrera 4 and Carrera 4S boast a unique body over their all-wheel-drive powertrains. The broad-body design is more than an aesthetic statement; it's a function of the flared wheel arches that are needed to accommodate the Coupe's wide track, large wheels, and tires.

What's New for 2009
Since their introduction, the Porsche 911 Carrera 4 and 911 Carrera 4S have received continuous refinement. That constant improvement takes a quantum leap for the 2009 model year. Both cars receive dazzling new technologies for their core components: engines, transmissions and all-wheel drive systems.

The new, more potent and more fuel efficient engines boast direct fuel injection systems among other enhancements for improved performance and better fuel economy.

In lieu of the optional Tiptronic S transmission, Porsche 911 Carrera 4 and Carrera 4S owners may now specify the driver-shiftable Porsche Doppelkupplungsgetriebe, or PDK. This ground-breaking seven-speed double-clutch automatic transmission is lighter, more efficient, and quickershifting than the previous Tiptronic S.

For 2009, engine power is distributed to all four wheels via the same electronically controlled Porsche Traction Management system found previously only on the Porsche 911 Turbo. The electronic controls respond to driving conditions even more instantaneously than the previously used hydraulically activated all-wheel drive system.

Commensurate with the increased performance potential, Porsche engineers have increased the Porsche 911 Carrera 4 and Carrera 4S Coupes' braking ability. Night visibility is also enhanced as both cars come standard with BI-XENON headlights and L.E.D. driving lights as well as brake- and taillights.

Driver and passenger comfort and convenience have also been enhanced for 2009 with the availability of ventilated front seats and through the redesign of the Porsche Communication Module which boasts a larger screen, simplified operation, Bluetooth connectivity and the ability to play music from such external sources as an iPod and MP3 players.

More Power from Less Fuel
Both the Porsche 911 Carrera 4 Coupe and 911 Carrera 4S Coupe receive new engines for 2009. The engines both boast direct fuel injection, new two-piece crankcases and revised intake and exhaust systems along with Porsche VarioCam Plus intake-valve timing and lift system.

The results are felt and appreciated immediately by the Porsche 911 Carrera 4 Coupe driver. Thanks to a 6.2 percent increase in horsepower, the 3.6-liter engine goes from 325 to 345 hp. Similarly, there's a 5.5 percent gain in torque, from 273 to 288 lb.-ft. Thanks to these improvements, a manual gearbox-equipped 2009 911 Carrera 4 Coupe accelerates from 0 to 60 mph (96 km/h) in 4.8 seconds.

Even more impressive, when the car is equipped with the new PDK Porsche double-clutch in place of MY 2008 Tiptronic S, the Porsche 911 Carrera 4 accelerates from 0 to 60 mph in 4.6 seconds, a full half second more quickly than its predecessor.

The 3.8-liter engine in the still-more potent 911 Carrera 4S Coupe exhibits equally awesome results, delighting its driver by sprinting to 60 mph in only 4.5 seconds when equipped with a manual gearbox and making that run in a mere 4.3 seconds with the PDK. This hedonistic acceleration is compliments of the new 3.8-liter engine's gain of 30 hp, from 355 to 385 hp, or 8.4 percent, and a 5 percent improvement in torque, from 295 lb.-ft. to 310.

Even with the substantial increases in horsepower and torque over the predecessor models, neither the 2009 3.6-liter Porsche 911 Carrera 4 nor the 3.8-liter Carrera 4S carries the stigma of a gas-guzzler penalty. And both engines earn their respective cars federal Low-Emissions Vehicle, category two (LEV-II) certification.

Two Clutches, No Clutch Pedal
To take full advantage of the newly designed engines, Porsche is offering drivers a transmission that delivers quicker acceleration than is possible with the standard manual gearbox while maximizing fuel efficiency. The new PDK (from the German Porsche- Doppelkupplungsgetriebe), or Porsche double-clutch, replaces the Tiptronic S as the optional gearbox in both the Porsche 911 Carrera 4 Coupe and 911 Carrera 4S Coupe.

Porsche was the first automaker to successfully use this transmission technology back in the 1980s when the transmission was developed for the mighty Porsche 962 Group C race car. The Porsche 911 Carrera 4 Coupe or Carrera 4S Coupe driver can allow the seven-speed PDK to shift up and down automatically, or he may opt to shift personally via steering-wheel mounted paddles or the console-mounted lever, the same as with the Tiptronic S.

The PDK is a conventional, seven-speed manual gearbox with two electrohydraulically controlled, oil-bathed multiplate clutch packs. One clutch pack controls the oddnumbered gears and Reverse, the other the even-numbered gears. As one clutch pack engages the appropriate gear based on engine speed, load, and vehicle speed, the other clutch simultaneously disengages the previous gear. The results are seamless, instantaneous up- and downshifts, performed more quickly than could be done by even a skilled test driver.

Gains Through Loss
The newly revamped engines, both 3.6-liter and 3.8-liter, each weighs about 6 kg, or 13.2 pounds, less than its predecessor. The new engines offer increased structural rigidity for a quieter, more comfortable driving experience as well as improved durability. The innovative PDK, despite offering more gear ratios than the Tiptronic S is about 10 kg, or 22 pounds, lighter than last year's Tiptronic.

Through such careful weight management, Porsche engineers were able to keep the 2009 Porsche 911 Carrera 4 Coupe within 50 pounds (23 kg) of 2008 car, while the 911 Carrera 4S Coupe weighs only 11 pounds (5 kg) more than its predecessor, despite the new cars' added equipment and features.

All-Weather Maximum Performance
Mechanically, the Porsche 911 Carrera 4 and Carrera 4S Coupes are defined by their allwheel drive capabilities. For 2009, these cars benefit from the same electronically controlled Porsche Traction Management (PTM) found under the awesome Porsche 911 Turbo. PTM can vary the torque split infinitely and absolutely between front and rear wheels as needed for optimum traction. However, since most purists feel-and Porsche's engineers staunchly believe-that rear-drive is critical for optimum sporty driving, PTM directs two-thirds of the engine's torque to the rear wheels under normal driving conditions.

When the system determines it is needed, PTM diverts engine power and torque to the front axle in millisecond cycles. Particularly at very high speeds, all the driver feels is the car's significant stability.

Bigger, Grippier Brakes
Among the added features are even more potent brakes than before. Porsche engineers firmly believe that a car's deceleration ability must always out-perform its ability to accelerate. Commensurate with the gains in engine performance, the 2009 Porsche 911 Carrera 4 and Carrera 4S Coupes receive added braking capability. All four brake rotors on both cars are cross-drilled, inner vented and now 12.99 inches (330 mm) in diameter.

In addition, the monobloc, four-piston calipers are now the same as those used on the 911 Turbo. Critical refinements have been made to the airflow around the wheels to increase brake cooling all around as well.

Distinct Yet Readily Familiar
As dramatic as are the changes in the Porsche 911 Carrera 4 and 4S Coupes' drivetrains this year from last, is how elegantly subtle the exterior differences are. Knowing full well that Porsche owners prize the classic shape of the Porsche 911 Carrera 4 and 4S, and that wanton and radical redesigns simply for the sake of change undermine a marque's value, Porsche's designers and engineers allowed only minor refinements to the appearance of the model range for 2009.

When viewed head on, the most notable differences are the new, horizontal covers for the BIXENON headlights and the L.E.D. daytime running lights, which extend over the air inlets. Also noteworthy are those air vents which boast larger cooling openings. The keen-eyed observer will also note the absence of a center radiator on cars equipped with the PDK.

The side view reveals new, larger exterior mirrors with aerodynamic twin-arm mounts as well as new lightweight alloy wheels. The standard wheels on the Porsche 911 Carrera 4 Coupe are 18 inches in diameter, and the 911 Carrera 4S Coupe comes with 19 inch wheels.

In the rear, all the lighting elements, save the reversing lamp, are now light-emitting diodes, for improved luminosity, longer life and instantaneous response. Finally, in the back, the Porsche 911 Carrera 4 Coupe sports two single oval exhaust pipes while the 911 Carrera 4S Coupe shows dual round polished exhaust outlets.

The Porsche 911 Carrera 4 and Carrera 4S Coupes are visually distinct compared to their two-wheel drive siblings by their brawny stance and their muscular fenders. The all-wheel-drive versions of the Porsche 911 Carrera are 1.73 inch (44 mm) wider than their two-wheel-drive counterparts. Despite the extra width, the Porsche 911 Carrera 4 and Carrera 4S Coupes are stunningly aerodynamic. The Porsche 911 Carrera 4 has a coefficient of drag of only 0.30 and the Carrera 4S is even slipperier with a Cd of only 0.29, despite their larger tires.

More Sophisticated and Comfortable
Interior refinements include a revamped center console highlighted by a new Porsche Communication Management system (PCM) and the availability of ventilated front seats.

The latest iteration of the PCM boasts a 12 percent larger screen than before, 6.5 inches vs. 5.8. In addition, the PCM is now controlled via an easy-to-clean touchscreen which incorporates a simpler keyboard. The optional navigation module now has a 40 GB hard drive. Other available features with the newest PCM include an internal GSM mobile phone module with Bluetooth handsfree operation, as well the ability to connect with external music sources such as an iPod or USB memory sticks.

The interior comfort may be enhanced regardless of front seat selection thanks to optional seat ventilating fans, available in conjunction with heated seats. These circulate air through the seatback and cushion upholstery to expedite cooling, heating and/or drying the driver and passenger.

All-weather capabilities or not, the Porsche 911 Carrera 4 and Carrera 4S Coupes boast luxuriously appointed passenger cabins. Like all Porsche automobiles, the Coupes offer their occupants the protection of six airbags: dual frontal-impact airbags; as well as two seat-mounted, thorax-protecting, side-impact airbags; and two head-protecting, side-impact, curtain doormounted airbags.

Porsche Boxster, 2009

Porsche Boxster, 2009

In 1948, the 356 was the first sports car to bear the Porsche name, and in July that year the lightweight mid-engined roadster achieved its first motorsport victory. In 1953, the Porsche 550 Spyder was launched. This agile, lightweight race car was powered by a high performance 'boxer' engine which took it to countless international victories.

Through 60 years of automotive evolution so much has changed. Yet every Porsche Boxster is built on these first principles. Sports performance, lightweight construction, agility and pure driving pleasure. The technology Porsche use may have developed, but the company's ability to produce a two-seat, mid-engined sports car unlike any other on the road remains.

Porsche presented the second generation of the mid-engined Porsche Boxster roadster at the 2008 Los Angeles Motor Show. The highlight of the new generation is the new flat-six 'boxer' engines, developed with new technical features from the ground up, providing not only more power, but also significantly greater fuel efficiency.

A further improvement of both fuel economy and performance is guaranteed by the Porsche Doppelkupplungsgetriebe (PDK), the new double-clutch gearbox now available as an option on both the Porsche Boxster and Boxster S.
Newly-developed 'boxer' engines deliver more power on less fuel

Displacing 2.9-litres, the engine of the Porsche Boxster develops 255 bhp (188 kW) in the Boxster, an increase of 10 horsepower over the prior 2.7-litre model.

The 3.4-litre power unit in the Porsche Boxster S now features Direct Fuel Injection, and delivers 310 bhp (228 kW), up by 15 bhp.

An impressive power-to-weight ratio imbues the two Porsche Boxster models with optimum driving dynamics. For example, with the new six speed manual transmission fitted as standard, the Porsche Boxster accelerates from 0-62 mph (100 km/h) in 5.9 seconds. And the Boxster S, when fitted with PDK transmission and Launch Control (featured in the optional Sports Chrono Package Plus), accelerates from 0-62mph (100km/h) in 5.0 seconds.

When combined with PDK, the new 2.9-litre engine fitted to the Porsche Boxster clearly breaks through the 30.0mpg fuel consumption boundary. Indeed, the figure of 31.0mpg (9.1 litres/100km) is approximately 10 per cent better than the previous model with the Tiptronic S automatic transmission. Increasing fuel economy by an even more significant 15 per cent to 30.1mpg (9.4 litres/100km), the 3.4-litre Boxster S with PDK offers an even greater saving over its predecessor with Tiptronic S.

In parallel with the improvement in fuel economy, so emissions of the engines have decreased also. Depending on model, emissions have been reduced by up to 16 per cent. The Porsche Boxster with the standard six-speed manual gearbox emits 221g/km CO2, and 214g/km CO2 when fitted with PDK. The Boxster S manual emits 223 g/km CO2, and 221 g/km CO2 with PDK.

Significantly, these developments move every Porsche Boxster model - whether manual or PDK - into Band F for Vehicle Excise Duty and company car taxation purposes.

Direct Fuel Injection standard on 3.4-litre S engine
The driver benefits from a further advantage of direct injection every time they touch the throttle pedal: with fuel being injected fractions of a second prior to combustion, the engines respond more directly and spontaneously to even the slightest movement of the driver's right foot. This is not only the case when accelerating, but also when lifting off the throttle, for engine speed drops more quickly and smoothly since there is no residual fuel left in the intake manifold which might otherwise prolong the combustion process.

Depending on engine load and speed, fuel is injected into the combustion chamber at a pressure of 120 bar. The big advantage is that unlike conventional intake manifold injection, direct fuel injection serves to form the fuel/air mixture directly in the combustion chamber. This better mixes the air and fuel in the cylinder, establishing an important prerequisite for clean and complete combustion. This ensures the 'homogeneous' operation of the power unit with a consistent balance of the fuel/air mixture in the combustion chamber at all times and under all running conditions. Such smooth operation guarantees optimum combustion and maintains low emissions, across a range of fuel qualities.

Design emphasises performance
The seamless blend of function and design has always been the Porsche philosophy. The result is a design consistency which is recognisable from every angle. A design which is both powerful and refined, and whose lines emphasise its sports performance.

The evolutionary styling of the next generation Porsche Boxster embodies these principles. The latest models are clearly distinguishable from outside through their newly-designed nose and tail. The new halogen headlights with their integrated direction indicators are reminiscent of the lights on the Carrera GT, while at the rear, new LED lights taper to the outside and are integrated elegantly in to the restyled bodywork.

The rod-shaped side lights in LED light conductor technology add distinction to the car's looks, which are further enhanced through their horizontal arrangement in the outer air intakes. Yet a further highlight is provided by the rectangular fog lamps featured as standard.

For the first time, the Porsche Boxster is available with a Lights Package featuring bi-xenon headlights, dynamic cornering lights and LED day-time driving lights. Replacing the fog lamps, these light units are made up of four LEDs positioned next to one another.

PDK: shifting gears more quickly, reducing fuel consumption
The new Porsche Boxster models are available with the Porsche-Doppelkupplungsgetriebe (PDK) carried over directly from motor sport, and replacing the former Tiptronic S torque converter automatic transmission. When equipped with PDK, the Porsche Boxster accelerates from 0-62mph (100 km/h) 0.1 seconds faster than with the manual six-speed gearbox.

Acceleration is particularly fast and dynamic with the optional Sports Chrono Package Plus featuring Launch Control; this offers maximum acceleration from a standing start and also a Race Track Gearshift Strategy for the fastest conceivable gear change as an exclusive highlight on the PDK models.

Benefiting from Launch Control, the respective models accelerate from a standstill to 62 mph (100km/h) a further 0.2 seconds faster.

Porsche Doppelkupplungsgetriebe (PDK) - in detail
The next generation Porsche Boxster and Boxster S are available for the first time with the new Porsche Doppelkupplungsgetriebe (PDK), literally Porsche double-clutch gearbox. Offering no less than seven forward gears, the new gearbox combines the driving comfort of a torque converter-equipped automatic transmission with the dynamic manual gearshift functionality of a sequential racing gearbox. PDK also boasts an entirely automatic gearshift function, and replaces the Porsche Tiptronic S automatic transmission previously offered. Through its optimised and adaptive gearshift programmes, PDK further improves the acceleration of the Porsche Boxster models and reduces fuel consumption to an even lower level.

In principle, the PDK consists of a conventional manual gearbox and a hydraulic control system divided into two separate transmission units. Two wet clutches in radial arrangement, controlled hydraulically, and using oil for both cooling and lubrication, form the heart of the transmission. One clutch is for the first transmission unit with the uneven gear ratios (1,3,5,7) and reverse, and the other clutch is for the second transmission unit with the even gears (2,4,6). Via a number of pressure valves, the hydraulic control unit masterminds both the wet clutches and the shift cylinders activating the transmission ratio required.

The gearshift perceived by the driver comes not from the gears actually changing, but from the change of positive clutch engagement. In this case, the clutch on one transmission opens or disengages while the clutch on the other transmission closes or engages in a simultaneous process. The big advantage is an even faster gearshift than with a conventional manual gearbox or torque converter automatic transmission. The gears are already 'in mesh' when shifting and the power of the engine need not be interrupted in the process.

PDK also reduces to a minimum transmission power loss courtesy of the high standard of mechanical efficiency in the double-clutch, and this manifests itself in fuel economy improvements of approximately 13 per cent compared with a conventional Tiptronic S transmission. PDK also offers an advantage in terms of weight - despite two additional gears, it weighs 10kg less than Tiptronic S.

To use the various functions of the double-clutch transmission, the driver can either shift gears by means of sliding toggles on the spokes of the new steering wheel, or via the new gear selector lever. The driver can press forwards to shift the gears up, and press them from behind to shift downwards. Alternatively, pushing the gear selector lever forwards shifts up a gear, and pulling it back shifts down. The option of PDK costs £1,961.

The seven-speed PDK shifts gears up to 60 per cent faster than a conventional automatic transmission, and naturally, gives the Porsche Boxster models even better performance. And those in search of optimum driving dynamics have the option to combine PDK with Sport Chrono Package Plus, now featuring Launch Control.

Dynamic suspension and supreme brakes - a new option of limited-slip differential
The suspension with its new set-up gives the next generation Porsche Boxster models a combination of even greater driving dynamics and enhanced comfort all in one. Modification of the valve control map on the steering gear serves furthermore to reduce steering forces, giving the Porsche Boxster more agile and spontaneous steering behaviour.

The wheels come in new designs and are half an inch wider on the Porsche Boxster 2.9-litre model than in the past in order to accommodate the larger brake system of the S-models, which are now fitted on the front axle. The Porsche Boxster and Boxster S feature the latest generation Porsche Stability Management (PSM) now offering two new functions: Brake Pre-Loading and the Brake Assistant. Whenever the driver lifts off the throttle pedal very quickly - which is typical immediately prior to an emergency braking manoeuvre - the PSM hydraulic control unit builds up an appropriate level of pressure in the brakes before the driver even presses the pedal down, which has the effect of moving the brake pads slightly towards the discs for immediate action. This significantly improves brake response and shortens stopping distances accordingly.

When recognising that the driver is braking in an emergency due to very fast operation of the brake pedal and a defined brake force, the PSM hydraulic control unit actively delivers the brake pressure required for maximum stopping power.

In conjunction with 18- and 19-inch wheels, the new models in the Porsche Boxster range are also available with a limited-slip differential on the rear axle. Locking action is 22 per cent under power and 27 per cent in overrun. The result is a significant improvement of both traction and stability providing a substantially higher level of performance on winding roads, particularly on the race track. Yet a further advantage is the more stable load change behaviour. At the same time, the mechanical limited-slip differential, through its particular function, interacts perfectly with the electronic ABD Automatic Brake Differential for optimum traction control, the locking action delaying the tendency of one wheel to spin on a road surface slippery only on one side.

New audio and communication systems
The next generation Porsche Boxster features as standard the new CDR-30 CD radio. The new Porsche Communication Management (PCM) 3.0 complete with hard disc navigation serves is available as an option, and when specified adopts the role as the central control unit for all audio, communication and navigation features.

PCM 3.0 is now more versatile, efficient and easier to use than before, standing out in particular through its touch-screen control which enables the driver to select specific functions simply by pressing the appropriate key on the larger 6.5-inch monitor. PCM 3.0 is available with highly convenient voice control and, in conjunction with the optional, universal audio interface, can now be used also to control external audio sources such as an iPod. USB stick or Bluetooth.

Enthusiasts of all-weather, open-topped motoring will also appreciate the option of seat ventilation combined with seat heating.

The next generation Porsche Boxster went on sale in the UK and Ireland on February 21st 2009. The Porsche Boxster is priced from £34,420 and the Boxster S priced from £41,250. Customers will also be able to explore the dynamic attributes of their car, and develop their own skills behind the wheel, courtesy of a Driving Experience Programme at the new Porsche Driving Experience Centre at Silverstone.

Porsche 911 Targa 4, 2009

Porsche 911 Targa 4, 2009

The 911 Targas differ from both the Carrera Coupes and Cabriolets by dint of their stunning glass tops. The all-wheel drive Porsche 911 Targa 4 and Targa 4S are unique with roofs comprised entirely of two transparent panels. The glass extends from the windshield header back to the leading edge of the engine cover, from side frame to side frame.

This combination of glass roof panels with windshield, backlight, and side windows creates a glass canopy for the occupants that delivers total protection from the elements while offering clear, unobstructed vision in every direction.

When weather allows, the front glass panel, which completely covers the area over the front seats, may be opened like a conventional sunroof, sliding back beneath the rear glass panel. The rear glass panel is hinged and can open like a hatch, making the Porsche 911 Targa 4 and Targa 4S the only cars in the 911 model range with this feature.

Both glass panels are made from a specially formulated glass that absorbs nearly all ultraviolet radiation yet remains transparent. A standard closable sun shade can completely cover the sliding glass panel for privacy.

New for 2009
For 2009, the Porsche 911 Targa 4 and and its higher-output variant, Targa 4S, receive a number of critical refinements.

Foremost among them are totally new drivetrains boasting new direct fuel injection engines and the availability of Porsche's innovative double-clutch gearbox, PDK. Power from the new engines in the Porsche 911 Targa 4 and Targa 4S is now distributed to all four wheels via the same electronically controlled Porsche Traction Management (PTM) system found on the Porsche 911 Turbo.

The new engines deliver greater performance while using less fuel than their predecessors, thanks in large part to their direct fuel injection systems.

In lieu of the optional Tiptronic S transmission, Porsche 911 Targa 4 and Targa 4S owners may now specify the driver-shiftable PDK. This ground-breaking seven-speed automatic transmission is lighter, more efficient and quicker shifting than the previous Tiptronic S.

The electronically activated PTM is able to vary the torque split between front and rear wheels infinitely and instantaneously for optimum road holding, regardless of conditions.

Commensurate with the increased performance potential, Porsche engineers have increased the braking ability of both the Porsche 911 Targa 4 and Targa 4S. Night visibility is also enhanced as both cars come standard with BI-XENON headlights and L.E.D. driving lights, and brake- and taillights.

Interior refinements for 2009 center around the redesign of the Porsche Communication Module (PCM) which boasts a larger screen, simplified operation, optional Bluetooth connectivity and the ability to play music from a variety of external sources.

Driver and passenger comfort and convenience have also been enhanced with the availability of ventilated front seats.

More Power from Less Fuel
Both the Porsche 911 Targa 4 and 911 Targa 4S receive new engines which boast direct fuel injection, new two-piece crankcases and revised intake and exhaust systems along with Porsche VarioCam Plus intake-valve timing and lift system. By injecting the fuel directly into each cylinder's combustion chamber rather than the intake as is more common, combustion is cleaner and more complete. This technology reduces exhaust emissions and fuel consumption while simultaneously increasing engine potency.

The results are felt and appreciated immediately by the Porsche 911 Targa 4's driver. Thanks to a 6.2 percent increase in horsepower and a 5.3 percent gain torque over last year's model, the 3.6- liter engine goes from 325 to 345 hp and receives a gain in torque from 273 to 288 lb.-ft. A manual gearbox equipped 2009 911 Targa 4 can accelerate from 0 to 60 mph (96 km/h) in 5.0 seconds.

More impressively, when the car is equipped with the new double-clutch gearbox in place of last year's Tiptronic S, the Porsche 911 Targa 4 accelerates from 0 to 60 mph in 4.8 seconds. Yet the car also delivers an astounding 12.9 percent fuel economy gain over the previous model. When equipped with Porsche's optional Sport Chrono Plus package and innovative Launch Control to help maximize acceleration, the 0-to-60 mph time is reduced to 4.6 seconds. The 2009 Porsche 911 Targa 4 has a track-proven top speed of 177 mph (283 km/h).

The 3.8-liter engine in the still-more potent Porsche 911 Targa 4S exhibits equally awesome results, delighting its driver by sprinting to 60 mph in only 4.7 seconds when equipped with a manual gearbox and making that run in a mere 4.5 seconds with the PDK. The optional Launch Control lowers that to only 4.3 seconds. This hedonistic acceleration is compliments of the new 3.8- liter engine's gain of 30 hp, from 355 to 385 hp, or 8.4 percent, and a 5 percent improvement in torque, from 295 lb.-ft. to 310.

2 Clutches, No Clutch Pedal
To take full advantage of the newly designed engines, Porsche is offering drivers a transmission that delivers quicker acceleration than is possible with the standard manual gearbox while maximizing fuel efficiency. The new PDK (from the German Porsche- Doppelkupplungsgetriebe), or Porsche double-clutch, replaces the Tiptronic S as the optional gearbox in both the Porsche 911 Targa 4 and Targa 4S.

Porsche was the first automaker to successfully use this transmission technology back in the 1980s when the transmission was developed for the mighty Porsche 962 Group C race car. The Porsche 911 Targa 4 or Targa 4S driver can allow the seven-speed PDK to shift up and down automatically, or he may opt to manually shift via steering-wheel mounted paddles or the console-mounted lever, the same as with the Tiptronic S.

Essentially, the PDK is a conventional, seven-speed manual gearbox with two electrohydraulically controlled, oil-bathed multiplate clutch packs. One clutch pack controls the oddnumbered gears and reverse, the other controls the even-numbered gears. As one clutch pack engages the appropriate gear based on engine speed, load, and vehicle speed, the other clutch simultaneously disengages the previous gear. The results are seamless, instantaneous up- and downshifts, performed more quickly than could be done by even a skilled test driver.

For even greater performance, both the Porsche 911 Targa 4 and Targa 4S are available with Porsche's Sports Chrono Package Plus. When ordered in conjunction with the PDK, this package incorporates the company's Launch Control and a special gearshift function for extremely dynamic driving. Launch Control delivers optimum acceleration, regardless of conditions at the touch of a console mounted button.

Gains Through Loss
The newly revamped engines, both 3.6-liter and 3.8-liter, each weigh about 6 kg, or 13.2 pounds, less than their predecessors. The new engines offer increased structural rigidity for a quieter, more comfortable driving experience as well as improved durability. The innovative PDK, despite offering more gear ratios than the Tiptronic S, is about 10 kg (22 lbs.) lighter than last year's Tiptronic.

All-Weather Maximum Performance
In addition to their unique two-section glass roofs, the Porsche 911 Targa 4 and Targa 4S offer their drivers the added benefits of all-wheel drive. For 2009, these cars benefit from the same electronically controlled Porsche Traction Management (PTM) found under the awesome Porsche Turbo, as well as the new mchanical locking differential standard.

PTM replaces the previous models' viscous-coupling, mechanical all-wheel drive system and operates more quickly and seamlessly than its predecessor. PTM varies the torque split infinitesmely and absolutely between front and rear wheels as needed for optimum traction. However, since most purists feel-and Porsche's engineers staunchly believe-that rear-drive is critical for optimum sporty driving, PTM directs two thirds of the engine's torque to the rear wheels under normal driving conditions.

When the system determines it's needed, PTM diverts engine power and torque to the front axle in millisecond cycles. Particularly at very high speeds, all the driver feels is the car's significant stability.

Bigger, Grippier Brakes
Porsche engineers firmly believe that a car's deceleration ability must always out-perform its ability to accelerate. Commensurate with the gains in engine performance, the 2009 Porsche 911 Targa 4 and Targa 4S receive added braking capability. All four brake rotors on both cars are cross-drilled, inner vented and now 12.99 inches (330 mm) in diameter.

In addition, the monobloc, four-piston calipers are now the same as those used on the 911 Turbo. Critical refinements have been made to the airflow around the wheels to increase brake cooling all around as well.

Instantly Recognizable and Aerodynamic
With their full-glass canopy - from beltline to beltline, front cowl to rear engine cover - the Porsche 911 Targa 4 and Targa 4S look like nothing else on the road, Porsche or otherwise. But from the beltline down, the cars share a strong resemblance to the current Carrera 4 and Carrera 4S models.

Clearly, the most striking element of the 911 Targa is its 16.58 sq.-ft. glass roof. The roof is comprised of two separate segments: a sliding panel over the front seats and a hinged tailgate at the rear. The electrically operated front panel fully opens or closes in seven seconds. When open, the glass panel slides snugly beneath the tailgate, providing almost five square feet of open space above the passenger cabin.

The sliding roof comes standard with a new sun shade offering greater privacy and more effective thermal protection than before. When closed, the sun shade covers the entire area of the sliding roof panel, opening and closing electrically and independently of the roof itself.

The glass roof and tailgate are made of special tinted glass, which protects the occupants from ultraviolet radiation and excessive heat even in bright sunlight.

The rear section of the Targa top opens for access to the interior, particularly handy for getting to the storage area behind the rear seatbacks. The Porsche 911 Targa 4 and Targa 4S are the only models in the Porsche 911 range with a separately opening tailgate.

More Sophisticated and Comfortable
Beneath the glass top, the Porsche 911 Targa 4 and Targa 4S boast luxuriously appointed passenger cabins. Like all Porsches, the cars offer their occupants the protection of six airbags: dual frontal-impact airbags as well as two seat-mounted thorax-protecting side-impact airbags and two head-protecting side-impact curtain door-mounted airbags.

Interior refinements include a revamped center console highlighted by a new Porsche Communication Management system-PCM 3.0-and the availability of ventilated front seats.

In this latest iteration, PCM 3.0 boasts a 12 percent larger screen than before, 6.5 inches vs. 5.8. In addition, the PCM is now controlled via a touchscreen which incorporates a simpler keyboard accessing fewer menus than previous versions.

The optional navigation module now has a 40 GB hard drive. Other available features with the newest PCM include XM satellite radio with XM NavTraffic capability, Bluetooth connectivity, an iPod port, a USB port and an auxiliary jack.

Interior comfort may be further enhanced thanks to optional seat ventilating fans, available in conjunction with heated seats. These circulate air through the seatback and cushion upholstery to expedite cooling, heating and/or drying the driver and passenger.

Distinct Yet Readily Familiar
As the cars receive dramatic new drivetrains for 2009, the Porsche 911 Targa 4 and Targa 4S also benefit from subtle yet elegant exterior refinements. Knowing full well that Porsche owners prize the classic shape of the 911, and that wanton and radical redesigns simply for the sake of change undermine a marque's value, Porsche's designers and engineers allowed only minor refinements to the appearance of the model range for 2009.

When viewed head on, the most notable differences are the new, horizontal covers for the L.E.D. daytime running lights, which extend over the air inlets. Also noteworthy are those air vents which boast larger cooling openings. The keen-eyed observer will also note the absence of a center radiator on cars equipped with the PDK.

The side view reveals new, larger exterior mirrors with aerodynamic twin-arm mounts as well as new lightweight alloy wheels. The standard wheels on the Porsche 911 Targa 4 are 18 inches in diameter, the Targa 4S comes with 19 inch wheels.

In the rear, all the lighting elements, save the Reversing lamp, are now LED, for improved luminosity, longer life, and instantaneous response. Finally, in the back, the Porsche 911 Targa 4 sports two single oval exhaust pipes while the Targa 4S shows dual round polished exhaust outlets.

The brawny stance and muscular fenders demanded by the cars' all-wheel-drive powertrain mean that the Porsche 911 Targa 4 and Targa 4S are wider than any two-wheel-drive 911 Carreras. Despite the extra width, the Porsche 911 Targa 4 and Targa 4S are stunningly aerodynamic. The Porsche 911 Targa 4 has a coefficient of drag of only 0.30 and the Targa 4S is even sleeker with a Cd of only 0.29, despite its larger tires. Like it's Carrera 4 brethern, the new Targa features a reflective strip connecting the tailights.